Klin Onkol 2014; 27(1): 38-44. DOI: 10.14735/amko201438.
Summary
Background: Approximately one quarter of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) have distant metastases at initial diagnosis and almost 50% will develop them during the disease course. Only radical surgical resection of metastases improves clinical outcome and offers a chance of long‑term survival. Initially unresectable metastases can become resectable after downsizing with systemic therapy. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis included 21 patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) who were treated from 2006 to 2012 and underwent resection/ ablation of metastases. Fourteen patients had resection at initial diagnosis of metastatic disease and seven patients achieved operability of metastases after systemic treatment. The aim of the analysis was to evaluate surgical treatment of metastases and its impact on prognosis in patients with mCRC in correlation with clinical‑ pathological‑ genetic factors. Results: The median age of patients was 59 years. Fourteen patients had metastases in the liver, one patient had metastases in the lungs, two patients had combination of hepatic and extrahepatic metastases and four patients had metastases in other regions. During median follow‑up of 47 months, 17 patients experienced disease progression and 13 patients died. Median progression free survival (PFS) after surgical resection/ ablation of metastases was 17 months (95% CI 13.88−20.12), and median overall survival (OS) was 48 months (95% CI 38.77−57.23). KRAS mutation was detected in 47.6% of patients and BRAF mutation in 9.5% of patients. Patients with BRAF mutation had worse PFS (median = 10 months vs 17 months; p = 0.523) and OS (median = 22 months vs 51 months; p = 0.05) compared to patients with BRAF wild‑type. No difference was observed in PFS and OS between the patients with one or more metastatic lesions and between the patients who underwent resection/ ablation of metastases initially or after systemic treatment. Conclusion: These data suggest that resection/ ablation of metastases significantly improves prognosis of patients with mCRC and support the notion that mutated BRAF has a strong negative prognostic significance also in the group of patients, who undergo surgical resection/ ablation of metastatic lesions.
